The Myelin Sheath And Its Effects On The Human Body

Introduction Multiple Sclerosis, or MS, is a disease where the immune system attacks the myelin sheath surrounding axons of neurons in the Central Nervous System (CNS). In severe cases, Multiple Sclerosis can break down the nerves themselves. This leads to communication problems within the brain and between the brain and the rest of the body (Mayo Clinic.) The myelin sheath is an insulator- it surrounds and nourishes the axons. Exposing small points called the Nodes of Ranvier. The combination of the nodes and sheath is meant to speed up signal sent by that neuron (Morell, Pierre.) Damage to the sheath, causes the electrical signal to be drastically slowed down, leading to harmful effects in the human body. Symptoms vary widely depending on which nerves the disease affects. Symptoms range from nominal mobility issues to complete dysfunction (Mayo Clinic.) The damaged myelin and nerve fibers are replaced with scar tissue- called sclerosis- which is where the disease gets its name. While many scientists believe Multiple Sclerosis to be an autoimmune disease, the exact proteins that trigger the immune response of MS are unknown. Because of this, the il lness is considered to be an immune mediated disease, but this may change in the future (National Multiple Sclerosis Society.) Etiology While the progressive neurological symptoms of MS have been observed in patients through medical history, it wasn t until 1868 that it was given a name and defined by Jean-Martin CharcotShow MoreRelatedMultiple Sclerosis And The Central Nervous System1605 Words   |  7 Pagescollectively known as the central nervous system. Multiple sclerosis evolves gradually throughout time and is considered to be auto-immune, which means the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy cells and tissues that are supposed to be within the body. According to Medscape, symptoms consist of, but are not limited to, sexual problems, ataxia (the inability to control certain muscle movements as defined by Tortora and Derrickson), fatigue, and optic neuritis. Multiple sclerosis is characterizedRead MoreEvaluation Of A Case Study1571 Words   |  7 Pagesconfirm the client diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis. Researchers have concluded that Multiple Sclerosis occurs whereby the patient’s own imm une system attacks the protein that is found in the myelin sheath and this result in the demyelination of the myelin sheath. So when there is lost of myelin in one’s body, blocking of the action potential propagation occurs and this lead to the patient to experience the sign and symptoms, the client physical weakness especially balance and coordination in herRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Multiple Sclerosis1107 Words   |  5 Pagesunderstand and am aware of the disease because the actual cause of the disease in still a mystery. The environment and our genes could play a role in contributing to the disease. As discussed in class, from the Human Anatomy and Physiology 9th edition by Marieb and Hoehn (2013), our bodies have billions of neurons, also called as nerve cells. Every neurons contains something called dendrites, which looks like branches, and an axon joined by the axon hillock. The dendrites are part the receives theRead MoreInformation Can Control Behavior Without Creating A Conscious Sensation1231 Words   |  5 Pagesnervous system. Dualism meaning two, is the belief that mind and body are separate. Desacretes (Dualist) believed without interchange that the mind and body functioned separately. Behavioral neuroscientist take the Monistic approach to study human nature, they believe that brain and the mind are basically the same thing. Most individuals believe that once you learn the working of the human body and nervous system the mind and body issue will be answered. It’s subjective, some people feel â€Å"I thinkRead MoreNotes On The And Its Effects On Body And Body Essay1620 Words   |  7 Pagesbegins in the medial or center portions of the body and gradually moves outward to the extremities or appendages. I think that this concept is interesting because infants have motor control of their arms, but struggle using their hands and fingers until they are a little older. It is not a deficit of any kind, but simply a step in their developmental growth. 2. Myelination (p.93): Myelination is an essential part to having healthy working neurons in your body and in your brain. Myelination is the processRead MoreIsolation And Isolation Of Frankenstein By Mary Shelley1656 Words   |  7 Pagesalone and isolated. The creature becomes very lonely and angry toward his creator. He then vows to make Victor’s life miserable for creating, abandoning, and isolated him. (Shelley) Isolation not only has grave effects on the monster’s human interaction and social development, but on humans, too. Isolation can cause someone to be or become emotionally unstable. In the book Frankenstein, Victor creates a creature that comes to life, and he later abandons the creature. The creature then becomes isolatedRead MoreFormalin-Prepared Optic Nerves : Case Study1422 Words   |  6 Pages ll Formalin- prepared optic nerves (ON) was mainly used as the materials and sources of information in the study. To identify the human ON areas where demyelination has occurred, Jennings and Caroll used luxol fast blue (LFB) and hamatoxylin and eosin. Cat ON, on the other hand, were stained with toluidine to distinguish the myelin sheaths in preparation for electron microscopy processing. After this, immunohistochemistry was effectually conducted in order to differentially mark the neurogliaRead MoreWhat Makes Multiple Sclerosis Be Treated Or Prevented?853 Words   |  4 Pagesyour immune system attacks the protective sheath (myelin) that covers your nerves† (Mayo Clinic). The immune system is a defensive system that protects your body from diseases and illnesses such as parasites and bacteria (Science Museum). Not only does your immune system defend the human body but also the immune system can work against the body, which is known as autoimmune disease. Since the immune sy stem is working against your body to attack the myelin, this creates an opportunity for multipleRead MoreFighting Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis With Copaxone1262 Words   |  6 PagesFighting Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis with Copaxone Imagine a disease that has the potential to disrupt and ultimately destroy the human nervous system by attacking the myelin sheath. This is not a rare disease. In fact, it affects over 350,000 people in the United States alone (Nordqvist). The ratio of women to men that contract the disease is 2 to 1 and it is a leading cause of disability in young adults (Olek). This disease is not only widespread, it is chronic and has no known cause or cure.Read MoreThe Nervous System ( Cns ) Essay2025 Words   |  9 Pages The systems inside our body interact with each other in order for us to adapt to the changes inside and outside of our body. The human body is able to adjust and control the different organs, cells, and tissues by contacting the brain with electrical impulses which then goes onto adjust and reply to the signals to maintain the proper function of the body.